To increase native tree cover in Misiones, future conservation and policy initiatives require an understanding of the drivers of deforestation and the motivations underlying existing conservation and planting of native trees on agricultural lands. This study aims to identify the drivers of native forest conversion to crop production through an analysis of the motivations for land abandonment and agricultural conversion, as well as the motivations for and uses of native tree preservation on agricultural land. The research team will evaluate land management motivations using semi-structured interviews and surveys. The team will also conduct forest analyses to document species composition, diversity, characteristics, and uses of trees found on agricultural land. Finally, this study will use surveys to better understand the socioeconomic profile of smallholder farmers in the study region, including income, education level, land tenure, and social networks, to assess how social systems and demographics may contribute to native tree conservation.